NOTE 2 - SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

Interim Financial Statements

The following (a) condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023, which has been derived from audited financial statements, and (b) the unaudited condensed consolidated interim financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and the instructions to Form 10-Q and Rule 8-03 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2024. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and notes thereto for the year ended December 31, 2023 included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) on April 1, 2024.

Basis of presentation

The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of: (i) BioCorRx Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiary, Fresh Start Private, Inc., (ii) its majority owned subsidiary, BioCorRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., and (iii) and the Medical Corporation (“VIE”) (Collectively, “the Company”) under which the Company provides management and other administrative services pursuant to the management services agreement in which the Company is the primary beneficiary. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. 

Revenue Recognition

The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board “FASB” Accounting Standards Codification “ASC” 606. A five-step analysis a must be met as outlined in Topic 606: (i) identify the contract with the customer, (ii) identify the performance obligations in the contract, (iii) determine the transaction price, (iv) allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations, and (v) recognize revenue when (or as) performance obligations are satisfied. Provisions for discounts and rebates to customers, estimated returns and allowances, and other adjustments are provided for in the same period the related sales are recorded. 

The Company has elected the following practical expedients in applying ASC 606:

The Company’s net sales are disaggregated by product category. The sales/access fees consist of product sales, which is recognized upon the transfer of promised goods to customers. The project support income is generated from administrative support to Biotechnology research customers, which is recognized upon the transfer of promised services to customers. The distribution rights income consists of the income recognized from the amortization of distribution agreements entered into for its products. The membership/program fees are generated from the Company’s UnCraveRx™ Weight Loss Management Program, which is recognized upon the transfer of promised goods to customers.

The following table presents the Company’s net sales by product category for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023:

Deferred revenue

The Company licenses proprietary products and protocols to customers under licensing agreements that allow those customers to access the products and protocols in services they provide to their customers during the term of the license agreement. The timing and amount of revenue recognized from license agreements depends upon a variety of factors, including the specific terms of each agreement. Such agreements are reviewed for multiple performance obligations. Performance obligations can include amounts related to initial non-refundable license fees for the use of the Company’s products and protocols and additional royalties on covered services.

The Company granted license and sub-license agreements for various regions or States in the United States allowing the licensee to market, distributes and sell solely in the defined license territory, as defined, the products provided by the Company. The agreements are granted for a defined period or perpetual and are effective as long as annual milestones are achieved.

Terms for payments for licensee agreements vary from full cash payment to defined terms. In cases where license or sub-license fees are uncollected and deferred; the Company nets those uncollected fees with the deferred revenue for balance sheet presentation.

The Company amortizes license fees over the shorter of the economic life of the related contract life or contract terms for each licensee.

On October 1, 2019, the Company launched the UnCraveRx™ Weight Loss Management Program. Customers are charged a membership fee and are requested to pay for three training programs at inception. The payments are recorded as deferred revenue until earned.

The following table presents the changes in deferred revenue, reflected as current and long term liabilities on the Company’s unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet:

Deferred Revenue-Grant

The Company recognizes grant revenues in the period during which the related research and development costs are incurred. The timing and amount of revenue recognized from reimbursement for research and development costs depends upon the specific terms for the contracted work. Such costs are reviewed for multiple performance obligations which can include amounts related to contracted work performed or as milestones have been achieved. 

Use of Estimates

The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Significant estimates include assumptions used in the fair value of other equity and debt instruments, income taxes, loss contingencies, and research and development costs.

Accounts Receivable

Accounts receivable are recorded at original invoice amount less an allowance for uncollectible accounts that management believes will be adequate to absorb estimated losses on existing balances. Management estimates the allowance based on collectability of accounts receivable and prior bad debt experience. Accounts receivable balances are written off against the allowance upon management’s determination that such accounts are uncollectible. Recoveries of accounts receivable previously written off are recorded when received. The allowance for doubtful accounts was $0 as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023.

Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FSAB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 326-20-30-2, Financial Instruments – Credit Losses, requiring a reporting entity to use a pooled approach to estimate expected credit losses for financial assets with similar risk characteristics. If a financial asset does not share similar risk characteristics with other financial assets held by the reporting entity, the allowance for credit losses should be determined on an individual basis. Similar risk characteristics for trade receivables may include customer credit rating, trade receivable aging category (e.g., 30-90 days past due), healthcare industry, and other factors that may influence the likelihood of the customer not being able to pay for the goods or services. The Company utilizes this individual approach for its trade receivables as each customer does not share similar risks.

Trade receivables with certain customers are financial assets analyzed by the Company under the expected credit loss model. To measure expected credit losses, trade receivables are grouped based on shared risk characteristics (i.e., the relevant healthcare industry) and days past due (i.e., delinquency status), while considering the following if applicable:

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The Company calculates the fair value of its assets and liabilities which qualify as financial instruments and includes this additional information in the notes to the consolidated financial statements when the fair value is different than the carrying value of these financial instruments. The estimated fair value of cash, accounts receivable, grant receivable, accounts payable and accrued expenses, and notes payable approximate their carrying amounts due to the relatively short maturity of these instruments. The carrying value of lease liability and royalty obligation also approximates fair value since these instruments bear market rates of interest. None of these instruments are held for trading purposes.

See Note 13 and 14 for stock based compensation and other equity instruments.

Fair Value Measurements

The Company follows the guidance in ASC 820 for its financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value at each reporting period. The Company also follows ASC 820 for non-financial assets and liabilities that are re-measured and reported at fair value at least annually.

The fair value of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities reflects management’s estimate of amounts that the Company would have received in connection with the sale of the assets or that the Company would have paid in connection with the transfer of the liabilities in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. In connection with measuring the fair value of its assets and liabilities, the Company seeks to maximize the use of observable inputs (market data obtained from independent sources) and to minimize the use of unobservable inputs (internal assumptions about how market participants would price assets and liabilities). The following fair value hierarchy is used to classify assets and liabilities based on the observable inputs and unobservable inputs used to value the assets and liabilities:

Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company does not use derivative instruments to hedge exposures to cash flow, market, or foreign currency risks. The Company evaluates all of its financial instruments to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives, pursuant to ASC 480 and ASC 815, “Derivatives and Hedging” (“ASC 815”). The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is re-assessed at the end of each reporting period.

The fair value of the event of default penalty put option in connection with the issuance of promissory notes was recognized as a derivative liability and debt discount on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of December 31, 2023. The Company entered into amendment agreements on such promissory notes during the third quarter of 2024, which were treated as debt extinguishment. Derivative liability was no longer recognized on the unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2024.

The following table provides information related to the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of December 31, 2023:

Activity for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 for the derivative liability was as follows:

Segment Information

Accounting Standards Codification subtopic Segment Reporting 280-10 (“ASC 280-10”) establishes standards for reporting information regarding operating segments in annual financial statements and requires selected information for those segments to be presented in interim financial reports issued to stockholders. ASC 280-10 also establishes standards for related disclosures about products and services and geographic areas. Operating segments are identified as components of an enterprise about which separate discrete financial information is available for evaluation by the chief operating decision maker, or decision-making group, in making decisions how to allocate resources and assess performance. The information disclosed herein materially represents all of the financial information related to the Company’s principal operating segment.

Long-Lived Assets

The Company follows a “primary asset” approach to determine the cash flow estimation period for a group of assets and liabilities that represents the unit of accounting for a long-lived asset to be held and used. Long-lived assets to be held and used are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The carrying amount of a long-lived asset is not recoverable if it exceeds the sum of the undiscounted cash flows expected to result from the use and eventual disposition of the asset. Long-lived assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell.

The Company evaluates the recoverability of long-lived assets based upon forecasted undiscounted cash flows. Should impairment in value be indicated, the carrying value of the assets will be adjusted, based on estimates of future discounted cash flows resulting from the use and ultimate disposition of the asset. No impairments were recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Intangible Assets

Intangible assets with finite lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. Intangible assets with indefinite lives are not amortized, but are tested for impairment annually or whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. $0 impairment was recognized for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023.

Software Development Costs

The Company has adopted the provision of ASC 985-20-25, Costs of Software to Be Sold, Leased or Marketed, whereby costs incurred to establish the technological feasibility of a computer software product to be sold, leased or marketed are research and development costs. Research costs are expensed as incurred; costs of producing product masters incurred subsequent to establishing technological feasibility are capitalized; and costs incurred when the product is available for general release to the customers are expensed as incurred. Upgrades and enhancements are capitalized if they result in added functionality which enables the software to perform tasks it was previously incapable of performing.

On July 1, 2021, the Company began development of a proprietary cloud based app that will be marketed and commercialized, for which $47,980 of costs have been capitalized. During the nine months ended September 30, 2023, the Company wrote off the $47,980 as impairment loss.

Property and Equipment

Property and equipment are stated at cost, less accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the asset’s estimated useful life of 5 to 15 years. Expenditures for maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred. When retired or otherwise disposed, the related carrying value and accumulated depreciation are removed from the respective accounts and the net difference less any amount realized from disposition is reflected in earnings.

Leases

The Company determines if an arrangement is a lease at inception. Operating lease right-of-use assets (“ROU assets”) and short-term and long-term lease liabilities are included on the face of the consolidated balance sheets.

ROU assets represent the right to use an underlying asset for the lease term and lease liabilities represent the Company’s obligation to make lease payments arising from the lease. Operating lease ROU assets and liabilities are recognized at commencement date based on the present value of lease payments over the lease term. As most of the Company’s leases do not provide an implicit rate, the Company uses an incremental borrowing rate based on the information available at commencement date over the respective lease term in determining the present value of lease payments. The Company’s lease terms may include options to extend or terminate the lease when it is reasonably certain that the Company will exercise that option. Lease expense for lease payments is recognized on a straight-line basis over the lease term. The Company has lease agreements with lease and non-lease components, which are accounted for as a single lease component. For lease agreements with terms less than 12 months, the Company has elected the short-term lease measurement and recognition exemption, and it recognizes such lease payments on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

Net (loss) Per Share

The Company accounts for net loss per share in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 260-10, Earnings Per Share (“ASC 260-10”), which requires presentation of basic and diluted earnings per share (“EPS”) on the face of the statement of operations for all entities with complex capital structures and requires a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator of the basic EPS computation to the numerator and denominator of the diluted EPS.

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss by the weighted average number of shares of common stock outstanding during each period. It excludes the dilutive effects of any potentially issuable common shares. The effect of common stock equivalents is anti-dilutive with respect to losses and therefore basic and dilutive is the same.

Diluted net loss per share is calculated by including any potentially dilutive share issuances in the denominator. The following securities are excluded from the calculation of weighted average diluted shares at September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively, because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive. 

Advertising

The Company follows the policy of charging the costs of advertising to expense as incurred. The Company charged to operations $5,868 and $25,846 as advertising costs for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company charged to operations $30,076 and $88,633 as advertising costs for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Grant Income

On January 17, 2019, the Company received a Notice of Award from the United States Department of Health and Human Services for a grant from the National Institutes of Health (“NIH”) in support of BICX102/BICX104 from the National Institute on Drug Abuse. BICX102 is an implantable pellet of naltrexone that was the original product candidate and BICX104 is another pellet of naltrexone that subsequently became the lead product candidate with minor excipient differences between the BICX102 and BICX104. The grant provides for (i) $2,842,430 in funding during the first year and (ii) $2,831,838 during the second year subject to the terms and conditions specified in the grant, including satisfactory progress of project and the availability of funds. On August 27, 2021, the Company received a Notice of Award from the United States Department of Health and Human Services for a grant from National Institute on Drug Abuse in support of BICX104 UH3DA047925 ("UH3"). The grant provides for $3,453,367 in funding during the third year subject to the terms and conditions specified in the grant, including satisfactory progress of project and the availability of funds. On March 31, 2022, the Company received a Notice of Award from the United States Department of Health and Human Services for a grant from National Institute on Drug Abuse. The grant provides for $99,431 in additional funding during the third year subject to the terms and conditions specified in the grant, including satisfactory progress of project and the availability of funds. Grant payments received prior to the Company’s performance of work required by the terms of the research grant are recorded as deferred income and recognized as grant income once work is performed and qualifying costs are incurred.

On March 1, 2024, the Company’s subsidiary BioCorRx Pharmaceuticals Inc. was awarded a grant of $11,029,977 from the National Institutes of Health’s National Institute on Drug Abuse, ("NIDA"). The grant provides the Company with additional resources for the ongoing research of BICX104 U01DA059994 ("U01"), a sustained release naltrexone implant for the treatment of methamphetamine use disorder. The grant provides for (i) $4,131,123 in funding during the first year, (ii) $3,638,268 during the second-year, and (iii) $3,260,586 during the third-year subject to the terms and conditions specified in the grant, including satisfactory progress of project and the availability of funds. Government grants are agreements that generally provide cost reimbursement for certain types of expenditures in return for research and development activities over a contractually defined period.

Grant receivables were $314,170 and $76,266 as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Deferred revenues related to the grant were $0 as of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023. $572,777 and $300,985 were recorded as grant income for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. $1,204,407 and $790,140 were recorded as grant income for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Research and development costs

The Company accounts for research and development costs in accordance with the Accounting Standards Codification subtopic 730-10, Research and Development (“ASC 730-10”). Under ASC 730-10, all research and development costs must be charged to expense as incurred. Accordingly, internal research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Third-party research and developments costs are expensed when the contracted work has been performed or as milestone results have been achieved. Company-sponsored research and development costs related to both present and future products are expensed in the period incurred. The Company incurred research and development expenses of $460,138 and $286,962 for the three months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively. The Company incurred research and development expenses of $1,210,334 and $762,768 for the nine months ended September 30, 2024 and 2023, respectively.

Stock Based Compensation

Share-based compensation issued to employees is measured at the grant date, based on the fair value of the award, and is recognized as an expense over the requisite service period. The Company measures the fair value of the share-based compensation issued to non-employees at the grant date using the stock price observed in the trading market (for stock transactions) or the fair value of the award (for non-stock transactions), which were considered to be more reliably determinable measures of fair value than the value of the services being rendered.

Income Taxes

Deferred income tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the estimated future tax effects of net operating loss and credit carry forwards and temporary differences between the tax basis of assets and liabilities and their respective financial reporting amounts measured at the current enacted tax rates. The Company records an estimated valuation allowance on its deferred income tax assets if it is more likely than not that these deferred income tax assets will not be realized.

The Company recognizes a tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the consolidated financial statements from such a position are measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. As of September 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company has not recorded any unrecognized tax benefits.

Variable Interest Entity

The Company evaluates all interests in the VIE for consolidation. When the Company’s interests are determined to be variable interests, an assessment is made on whether the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is required to consolidate the VIE. Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 810, Consolidation, defines the primary beneficiary as the party that has both (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive benefits from the VIE which could be potentially significant. Variable interests are considered in making this determination. Where both of these factors are present, the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary and the Company consolidates the VIE.

Non-Controlling Interest

A non-controlling interest should be allocated its share of net income or loss, and its respective share of each component of other comprehensive income, in accordance with ASC 810-10-45-20. Due to a management fee equal to 65% of the Medical Corporation’s gross collected monthly revenue, 65% of the Medical Corporation’s earnings was allocated to the Company, and 35% to the non-controlling interest. Due to the Company’s retaining 75.8% ownership of BioCorRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 75.8% of BioCorRx Pharmaceuticals, Inc.’s earnings was allocated to the Company, and 24.2% to the non-controlling interest. See accounting policy “Variable Interest Entity” for further information.

Royalty Obligations, net

The Company accounted for royalty obligations as debt in accordance with ASC 470-10-25 and derived a debt discount, which is amortized using the straight line method over the expected life of the arrangement, which is 15 years. The Company has no obligation to repay the then outstanding balance if during the expected life of 15 years the treatment is discontinued. In order to record the discount of the liability, the Company fair valued the royalty and the difference between fair value of the royalty obligation and the gross projected future payments was $7,171,200 and was recorded as non-cash interest expense over the life of the liability and offset to additional paid in capital at inception.

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures (ASU 2023-09), which requires disclosure of incremental income tax information within the rate reconciliation and expanded disclosures of income taxes paid, among other disclosure requirements. ASU 2023-09 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company’s management does not believe the adoption of ASU 2023-09 will have a material impact on its financial statements and disclosures.

There are other various updates recently issued, most of which represented technical corrections to the accounting literature or application to specific industries and are not expected to a have a material impact on the Company’s financial position, results of operations or cash flows.